Statewide Drafting Standards 2000, revised 2011
Note: The revised state standards have been reviewed and supported by the Maine Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, industry- related organization.
Framework, Duties and Tasks:
- Basic Drafting & Design
- Determine sheet sizes (ANSI and Architectural sizes A-E) and types of media (vellum, translucent bond, mylar, etc).
- Determine plot/drawing scales.
- Identify various types of drawings: orthographic projection, pictorial, sectional, and auxiliary view drawings.
- Prepare sketches/models and applies lettering skills.
- Identify and applies manual drafting techniques, using board drafting tools; proper line types and weight; and ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standards requirements.
- Prepare title block ensuring accurate information regarding scale, page and drawing number, description and drafter’s initials, and revision information.
- Understand drawing reproduction processes of Diazit blueprint machine or Whiteprint machine operation, and creates acceptable reproductions.
- Understand basic principles of geometric construction including single/multi-view drawings, how to create angles, tangents, arcs, and polygons.
- Prepare orthographic projections.
- Applies dimensioning rules, symbols, leaders, and annotations appropriately to dimensions drawings.
- Prepare sectional views.
- Prepare auxiliary views.
- Prepare pictorial drawings using isometric, cabinet/cavalier, and one/two-point perspective concepts.
- Use viewports in model and layout. (move/copy to CAD section)
- Basic CAD (Computer Aided Design)
a. Uses software functions.
b. Uses set-up commands.
c. Uses drawing commands.
d. Uses modifying commands.
e. Uses file commands.
f. Uses text commands.
g. Uses coordinate functions and commands, applying Absolute, Relative, and Polar Coordinate Systems.
h. Prepare basic 2-D orthographic drawings.
i. Use dimensioning commands.
j. Access and create blocks and symbol libraries.
k. Insert title blocks from library or create own.
l. Plot drawings using appropriate scale and media.
m. Understand basic modeling commands to create basic 3-D models, demonstrating proper use of coordinates, wire-frame, solid, and shading and UCS functions.
n. Uses viewports in model and layout (paperspace).
- Technical Drafting & Design
a. Add general notes to drawings using correct annotations.
b. Apply mechanical symbols to a drawing, using standard symbols.
c. Use reference materials and identify sources appropriately.
d. Research vendor information, analyzing purchased item, ensuring that specifications meet needs of the project under development.
e. Prepare drawings of thread forms and fasteners using
appropriate symbolic representation.
f. Apply Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerance (GDT) on drawings to industry standard, using fits and standard tables to calculate dimensions for tolerances.
g. Apply advanced dimensioning principles. Understands and applies limit sizes.
h. Understand machine processes and apply finish symbols, welding symbols and annotations to drawings aligned to industry standards. Use appropriate terms for drills, holes, tapers and similar functions.
i. Develop a set of working drawings with sufficient details and assembly drawings.
j. Develop various fabrication drawings, including drawing of materials using radial and parallel line patterns; selecting appropriate types of projections to represent the object; and using proper annotation symbols.
k. Identify various manufacturing processes recognizing the necessary processes to create the piece from a drawing and ensuring that the object can be manufactured.
l. Understand the system for checking drawings for revision accuracy. Perform revisions to existing drawings and records revision information accurately.
- Architectural Drafting & Design
a. Understands major architectural styles and designs.
b. Apply fundamentals of the architectural design process to drawings.
c. Prepare design sketches that clarify and record verbal explanation and explain processes and procedures and reflects applications of traffic flow.
d. Understand basic principles behind building codes including: ADDA, National Building Codes, B.O.C.A., Architectural Graphic Standards, Electrical and Plumbing Codes.
e. Research vendor information, analyzing purchased items, ensuring that specifications meet needs of project under development.
f. Designs and prepares a floor plan with shape and size in proportion to general design of building, using correct application of rules of kitchen and bathroom layout, and with correct placement of doors and windows.
g. Design and prepare a foundation and/or basement plan assuring plan accuracy with respect to foundation, footing, column, and slab information, adding necessary notes, details, sections, and dimensions for clarification.
h. Design and prepare window and door schedules accurately, coordinating with symbols on necessary plan(s).
i. Prepare wall section and building section plans to appropriate scale and with proper notes and dimensions.
j. Apply dimensioning rules to all plans according to correct and acceptable standards.
k. Design and prepare necessary detailed drawings of stairs, fireplaces, eaves, cornices, foundation connections, and other pertinent components of the structure.
l. Design and prepare exterior elevations as specified by architect.
m. Design and prepare kitchen layouts, applying design rules, work triangle regulations, ADA, etc. for development of an efficiently working layout.
n. Design and prepare a detail drawing of a set of stairs, performing calculations of rise/run, tread width, riser height, headroom allowances, landings, stringers, and similar calculations.
o. Design and prepare a basic site plan, showing accuracy in bearings and distance, and North orientation and using appropriate scale.
p. Create cover sheet stating contents of complete set of working drawings.
5. 3-D CAD
a. Describe/utilize the right-hand rule of 3D visualization.
b. Locate points in 3D space, demonstrating understanding of X,Y,Z coordinates, and uses 3D commands for appropriate representation of object.
c. Display 3D objects from isometric viewpoints.
d. Understands UCS and its use in 3D space. Demonstrates an understanding and proper usage of orientation in 3D space.
e. Understands the rectangular, spherical and cylindrical methods of coordinate entry applicable to 3D design.
f. Render a 3D model understanding methods to manipulate model to represent or demonstrate necessary information.
g. Construct 3D solid primitives and complex solids.
h. Use regions, solid extrusions and revolutions as construction tools.
i. Change the shape and configuration of solid object faces.
j. Break apart a composite solid composed of physically separate entities.
k. Design a dimension layout plan appropriately for manufacturing standards.
l. Create 3D assembly drawings and layouts.
m. Perform an analysis of a solid model.
n. Export/import solid model data
6. Advanced Architectural Drafting & Design
a. Design and prepare a complete set of plans for residential house.
b. Design and prepare an electrical plan, demonstrating knowledge of basic electrical symbols and standards to prepare an accurate drawing.
c. Design and prepare a plumbing plan, demonstrating knowledge of basic plumbing rules to prepare an accurate drawing.
d. Design and prepare interior elevations, such as kitchen/bath
elevations as required to complete a set of drawings.
e. Prepare framing plans, creating wall panels and floor framing plans according to system applied.
f. Prepare roof and roof framing plans.
g. Prepare site plan and/or subdivision plans employing bearing/distance concepts; using symbols for locations; and creating and annotating properly plot layout and plans.
h. Apply specification information to architectural drawings, using the Internet and/or manuals, an architectural reference library of files and technical data for insertion into a building design.
i. Perform building estimating.
j. Applies 3D modeling techniques.
k. Produce a complete set of working plans from a 3D model appropriate for construction using knowledge and experience of building codes and standards.
l. Understand building processes for finance, insurance, and electrical companies to ensure proper construction for occupancy.
m. Designs exterior perspective views.
n. Constructs a walk-thru presentation of the building design utilizing appropriate software.
o. Builds a presentation model of a structure that depicts designer’s intent, ensuring that finished model is plumb and sturdy.